bolt

英 [b??lt] 美[bolt]

CET4TEM4考研CET6中低頻詞IELTSGRE核心詞匯

復數:?bolts;第三人稱單數:?bolts;過去式:?bolted;過去分詞:?bolted;現在分詞:?bolting;

bolt：抱頭。抱頭鼠竄——急逃。

bolt 螺栓，閃電

來自PIE *bheld, 擊，打?？赡芡琤ill, 擊，咬，鳥嘴。

bolt: bolt: [OE] In Old English, a bolt was an arrow, particularly of the short stout variety used in crossbows (hence the phrase shoot one’s bolt). The more familiar modern sense ‘fastening pin’ developed in the 13th century. The verbal sense ‘make a quick escape’ comes from the notion of firing a projectile. The word appears in other Germanic languages (for instance German bolz ‘bolt’), but its ultimate origin is unknown.
bolt (n.): Old English bolt "short, stout arrow with a heavy head;" also "crossbow for throwing bolts," from Proto-Germanic *bultas (cognates: Old Norse bolti, Danish bolt, Dutch bout, German Bolzen), perhaps from PIE root *bheld- "to knock, strike" (cognates: Lithuanian beldu "I knock," baldas "pole for striking").

Applied since Middle English to other short metal rods (especially those with knobbed ends). From the notion of an arrow's flight comes the lightning bolt (1530s). A bolt of canvas (c. 1400) was so called for its shape. Adverbial phrase bolt upright is from late 14c.
bolt (v.): from bolt (n.) in its various senses; from a crossbow arrow's quick flight comes the meaning "to spring, to make a quick start" (early 13c.). Via the notion of runaway horses, this came to mean "to leave suddenly" (early 19c.). Meaning "to gulp down food" is from 1794. The meaning "to secure by means of a bolt" is from 1580s. Related: Bolted; bolting.

4. I bored a hole so that the fixing bolt would pass through.: 我鉆了個孔，好讓固定插銷穿過去。