scourge
英 [sk??d?]
美[sk?d?]
- vt. 鞭打；蹂躪；嚴斥；痛斥
- n. 鞭；災禍；鞭子；苦難的根源
GRECET6+低頻詞擴展詞匯
詞態變化
復數:?scourges;第三人稱單數:?scourges;過去式:?scourged;過去分詞:?scourged;現在分詞:?scourging;
中文詞源
scourge 鞭子，鞭刑，災害，禍害
來自盎格魯法語 escorge,鞭子，來自古法語 escorgier,鞭打，鞭刑，可能來自拉丁語 excoriare, 剝皮，來自 ex-,向外，corium,皮膚，獸皮，來自 PIE*sker,砍，切，分開，詞源同 shear,excoriate. 引申詞義災害，禍害。參照 Scourge of God,上帝之鞭，原指歐洲人對西漢時期入侵歐洲的匈 奴王的稱號，后指元朝時再次入侵歐洲的成吉思汗。
英文詞源
- scourge
- scourge: [13] Scourge comes ultimately from a Latin word for a ‘long strip of leather’, corrigio, which itself was borrowed from Celtic. It had a number of specific applications, including ‘shoelace’, ‘rein’, and ‘whip’, and it was the last that formed the basis of the Vulgar Latin verb *excorrigiāre ‘whip’, which passed into English via Old French escorgier and its derived noun escorge.
- scourge (n.)
- c. 1200, "a whip, lash," from Anglo-French escorge, back-formation from Old French escorgier "to whip," from Vulgar Latin *excorrigiare, from Latin ex- "out, off" (see ex-) + corrigia "thong, shoelace," in this case "whip," probably from a Gaulish word related to Old Irish cuimrech "fetter," from PIE root *reig- "to bind" (see rig (v.)). Figurative use from late 14c. Scourge of God, title given by later generations to Attila the Hun (406-453 C.E.), is attested from late 14c., from Latin flagellum Dei.
- scourge (v.)
- c. 1300, "to whip," from Old French escorgier and from scourge (n.). Figurative meaning "to afflict" (often for the sake of punishment or purification) is from late 14c. Related: Scourged; scourging.
雙語例句
- 1. Drugs are a scourge that is devastating our society.
- 毒品是破壞我們社會的一大禍害。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. The cruel captain used a scourge on his disobedient sailor.
- 那殘忍的船長鞭打不服從命令的水手.
來自《現代英漢綜合大詞典》
- 3. After the scourge of war came the scourge of disease.
- 戰亂之后瘟疫接踵而來.
來自《現代英漢綜合大詞典》
- 4. The scourge of racial tyranny should never again be allowed to raise its ugly head.
- 永遠不能讓種族主義暴政的禍患重新抬頭。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. Farmers don't need much prompting to tell you that "flaming dog owners" are the scourge of their lives.
- 不用怎么提示農場主們就會告訴你，“該死的養狗人”是他們生活的災星。
來自柯林斯例句